← Reference sheets

People

Name on the left, the one thing they are known for on the right. Cover the right column and work down.

Explorers and founders

John CabotFirst to map Canada's East Coast, 1497
Jacques CartierThree voyages 1534–42; heard kanata; first to explore the St. Lawrence
Samuel de ChamplainBuilt the fortress at Québec City, 1608
Pierre de MontsWith Champlain, first settlement north of Florida, 1604
Count Frontenac"My only reply will be from the mouths of my cannons," 1690
Martin FrobisherEnglish explorer; Frobisher Bay, now Iqaluit

War and conflict

Wolfe and MontcalmOpposing commanders, both killed, Plains of Abraham 1759
Sir Guy CarletonDefended Canadien rights; defeated the American invasion of 1775
Joseph BrantLed Loyalist Mohawk into Canada
Sir Isaac BrockCaptured Detroit; killed at Queenston Heights, 1812
Chief TecumsehShawnee leader; allied with the British in 1812
Charles de Salaberry460 men turned back 4,000 Americans at Châteauguay, 1813
Laura SecordWalked 19 miles to warn of an attack; Beaver Dams, 1813
Sir Arthur CurrieCanada's greatest soldier; commanded the Corps in 1918
John McCraeWrote In Flanders Fields, 1915
Sir Sam SteeleFrontier hero, Mounted Policeman and soldier

Politics

Sir John A. MacdonaldFirst Prime Minister; born Scotland 11 Jan 1815; $10 bill
Sir George-Étienne CartierKey architect of Confederation from Quebec
Sir Leonard TilleySuggested "Dominion," from Psalm 72
Sir Wilfrid LaurierFirst French-Canadian PM since Confederation; $5 bill; 20 Nov
Sir Louis-Hippolyte La FontaineFirst leader of responsible government in the Canadas, 1849
Robert Baldwin / Joseph HoweReformers working toward responsible government
Lord DurhamRecommended merger and responsible government after 1837–38
Lord ElginGovernor who introduced responsible government, 1848–49
Louis RielLed the Métis; father of Manitoba; executed 1885
Gabriel DumontThe Métis' greatest military leader
John Graves SimcoeUpper Canada's first Lt. Governor; founded York; moved against slavery 1793
John Diefenbaker13th PM — "I am a Canadian, a free Canadian"

Women who came first

Dr. Emily StoweFirst Canadian woman to practise medicine here; founded the suffrage movement
Agnes MacphailFirst woman MP, 1921; farmer and teacher
Thérèse CasgrainWon Quebec women the provincial vote, 1940
Mary Ann Shadd CareyFirst woman publisher in Canada, 1853; anti-slavery activist
Adrienne Clarkson26th Governor General, first of Asian origin; Clarkson Cup 2005

Science and invention

Banting and BestInsulin — 16 million lives saved
Alexander Graham BellThe telephone
Sir Sandford FlemingWorldwide standard time zones
Joseph-Armand BombardierThe snowmobile
Evans and WoodwardFirst electric light bulb; patent sold to Edison
Reginald FessendenFirst wireless voice message — radio
Dr. Wilder PenfieldBrain surgeon, McGill; "the greatest living Canadian"
Dr. John A. HoppsThe cardiac pacemaker
SPAR / NRCThe Canadarm
Lazaridis and BalsillieThe BlackBerry
Sir William LoganGeologist; Mount Logan named for him
Marshall McLuhan, Harold InnisPioneer thinkers in communications

Arts and sport

Group of SevenFounded 1920; rugged wilderness landscapes
Emily CarrWest Coast forests and Aboriginal artifacts
Tom ThomsonThe Jack Pine
Jean-Paul RiopelleLes Automatistes; modern abstract art
Kenojuak AshevakPioneered modern Inuit art
Bill ReidHaida artist, totem poles
James NaismithInvented basketball, 1891
Terry FoxMarathon of Hope, 1980
Rick HansenCircled the globe in a wheelchair, 1985
Wayne GretzkyEdmonton Oilers, 1979–88
Paul HendersonWinning goal, 1972 Summit Series
Donovan Bailey / Chantal PetitclercSprinter / wheelchair racer, 1996
Phil EdwardsTrack champion; bronze 1928, 1932, 1936